This chapter provides an overview of the interplay of environmental hazards and climate change. It focuses on the relationship between environmental hazards, natural disasters, and anthropogenic climate change. The nature and causes of the increased occurrence and intensity of environmental hazards provide further understanding for developing effective adaptation strategies. The chapter also considers how communities can respond to the increased frequency and intensity of extreme events across a range of different areas. Moreover, adaptation to the effects of climate change on the occurrence and intensity of environmental hazards requires detailed knowledge of the underlying processes responsible for their occurrence.